Why do ssris cause diarrhea?

Ah, yes. The classic case of “help one problem and create another.” You take an SSRI to feel better mentally, but suddenly, you’re spending more time on the toilet than with your therapist.

But why do SSRIs cause diarrhea in some people? Let’s dive into it.

Let’s Start from the Top – What Are SSRIs?

Before we can talk about how they make us run to the bathroom, let’s first discuss what they are. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of antidepressant drugs that work by increasing levels of serotonin in our brains.

And while we typically associate low levels of serotonin with depression and anxiety, this neurotransmitter also plays an important role in regulating other bodily functions such as appetite and bowel movements.

Serotonin and Bowel Movements

Did you know that 95% of our body’s serotonin is actually produced outside of our brain? That’s right – this feel-good chemical is heavily involved in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) health!

Serotonin helps regulate muscle contractions throughout the GI tract which keeps everything running smoothly. When there isn’t enough serotonin available though…well…things tend to get backed up (if ya catch my drift).

So Where Does Diarrhea Come In?

While it may seem counterintuitive for something used to treat constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), taking a medication like an SSRI that boosts overall serotonin levels can sometimes lead to some unwanted side effects….like diarrhea.

Fun Fact Alert: Did you know that nearly one-third (!!) of patients who start taking an SSRI experience initial diarrhea or loose stools? Ahh modern medicine; making us question if relief from any ailment is worth losing control over our bowels…

Digging deeper into the science behind these unwanted side effects, it’s interesting to note that the human colon contains 5-HT3 receptors which are activated by an increase in serotonin levels. This activation results in increased colon motility – hence why some people taking SSRIs end up making quite a few trips to the bathroom.

But Wait…There are Other Factors at Play

It would be too simple if it were just as clear-cut as “SSRIs cause diarrhea.” There are actually a variety of other factors that can play into whether or not someone will experience this particular side effect, including:

  • The dosage taken
  • How long one has been taking an SSRI
  • The individual’s microbiome composition
  • Diet/nutrition

So while overall increased serotonin levels certainly contribute to GI changes and symptoms like diarrhea (as seen with IBS-D), there may be more nuanced aspects at play when taking these medications.

So What Can You Do About It?

As with any medical advice, talk to your healthcare provider first before altering anything about your treatment plan. However, if you do begin experiencing gastrointestinal issues after starting on an SSRI regimen, some things you can try include:

  1. Stay hydrated: Increase water intake throughout the day to help flush out anything moving through a bit too quickly.
  2. Eat small meals often: Voracious appetites tend to come along with diarrhea – keep portions small so your digestive system isn’t overloaded and struggling more than necessary.
  3. Avoid trigger foods: Spicy or greasy foods could irritate already sensitive tummies – steer towards bland options for a little bit until things settle down.
  4. Try OTC remedies: Depending on what seems most appropriate given your circumstances/most pressing symptoms you’re encountering..Loperamide? Imodium AD?? Pepto-Bismol??? Endless possibilities abound!

Overall though..remember; never stop taking any medication without consulting personal physicians (preferably ones with real degrees and not just back alley medical advice)!

The Bottom Line

While everyone’s experience with SSRIs may differ, diarrhea is definitely a potential side effect to be on the lookout for.
So if you are truly down in the dumps because of other emotional duress, make sure that any new health concerns aren’t simply trade-offs for treatment.

Take care of your gut and it will take care of you!wink wink nudge nudge

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