What is released when blood sugar is too high?

Have you ever wondered what happens inside your body when you devour a box of donuts or drink gallons of soda? Or have you experienced the dreadful feeling of having high blood sugar levels and not knowing what it means? Well, look no further because in this article, we will delve into the world of biochemistry and explore what is released when your blood sugar levels go haywire.

The Basics: Blood Sugar

Before we dive deep into the topic, let’s start with some basic information. Blood sugar, also known as glucose, is a type of simple sugar that our body uses for fuel. It comes from the food we eat and travels through our bloodstream to provide energy to all parts of our body including organs such as brain, heart and muscles.

The amount of glucose present in our blood must be regulated tightly as both excess and insufficient amounts can cause severe health problems. For instance, when there isn’t enough glucose available in our bloodstream during fasting or starvation periods -the pancreas releases glucagon(a hormone) which causes stored glycogen(a form of glucose storage) from liver to break down to its constituent units called Glucose (more on this later ). Similarly ,when there is an increase in blood Glucose level(insulin resistance)this leads beta cells within pancreatic Islets , situated within Pancreas gland(as seen below),to produce insulin(insulin helps insulin-sensitive tissues like skeletal muscle,liver,fat tissue take up more gluocose) .

Pancrease

Moreover,multiple feedback loops signal pancreas either via nervous system(Be ready-you wished for it☺️ ),habits(dietary style) or some other parameters that blood glucose level has risen or fallen ( and it should produce either Insulin to lower blood glucose ,Glucagon raises levels) .

High Blood Sugar Levels

Whenever there is an increase in the amount of glucose present in your bloodstream, our body releases a hormone called insulin — as mentioned earlier. Insulin serves as a signal for cells throughout the body to store excess glucose in tissues like skeletal muscle, liver and adipose fat tissue.

But if this process fails, that is if our bodies cannot secrete enough insulin or fail to act in response to insulin efficiently,( resistance )or say patient did over bathing themselves with one too many scoops sugar on their cereals-what follows:

1. Release of Glucose from Glycogen

To maintain adequate levels of energy within various organs required for maintenance during regular activities such as walking, talking the stored glycogen(a form of storage ) breakdown into its constituent units called ‘glucose’ would help alot here.Glucose released from glycogen can satisfy sudden high-energy requirements by different organs. So when your blood sugar levels are elevated(insulin not working effectively or resistance occurs),stored glyocgen breaks down quickly so as to meet necessary requirements.

2. Fat Breakdown: Ketones

Another change unleashed upon individuals who have long-standing untreated hyperglycaemia is abnormal break down odd fats you might ask why I said they are odd -this particular type cumulates ketones which can cause fruity breath eventually ketoacidosis(a condition characterized by production& accumulation toxic waste materials instead of healthy one). The weird part however,the more sugary diets lead indirectly-faster towards formation these deadly fatty acids.Ketones probably generate faster synthetically(by product Oxaloacetate supplied via protein rich diets with irregular carbs) but sweet food consumption acceleration also contribute ion ways i.e fuels inter-compartmental shuttles that create glucose-very important step for ketogenesis(acid formation),” when in doubt probe it out.”

Below is a table illustrating some of the symptoms of Ketones:

Symptoms of Ketoacidosis
fruity breath
tiredness
nausea
vomiting

3. Dehydration:

An alarming aftermath that has scared people previously before symptoms manifest.Seeing high blood sugar leads to extra urine production-in process,water is taken and it still doesn’t compensate all losses which would cause dangerously electrolytes imbalance,eventually dehydration happens .Wouldn’t want any Nazi attacking us ,right?

Anaemia goes down personal drain too as RBC(Red Blood Cells) need water(added sodium chloride solutions )to stay floating within bloodstream. So staying hydrated regularly could prevent these.

Conclusion

So there you have it–a short, sweet and humorous tour through what gets released or affects your physical system whilst experiencing elevated levels of blood sugar. The key takeaway from this article should be simple: high levels ain’t flag bearers.
Try cutting back on sugary foods and beverages /Sedentary lifestyle-get that exercise working(back up workouts music ready !) And if at any point you find yourself struggling with elevated blood sugar levels, take action! Consult an expert medical professional who might just give right suggestion about dietary changes/medications or reasonable Doctor recommended diabetes management therapy i.e keeping body sugars in check.

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